بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم I’m Tanvir Islam, a first-year computer science student at The City College of New York. I grew up in Bangladesh but came to the United States in 2015. Attended High School for Construction Trades, Engineering and Architecture(CTEA) where I was the captain of the varsity cricket team and led the team to playoffs for the first time in 6 years. I won two student-athlete awards while at CTEA. I am also currently the captain of a soccer club where I lead a group of 20+ players. My experience as captain of varsity cricket and soccer club taught me leadership and responsibility. Organization and collaboration are among my other qualities. At City College, I’m a member of the computer science club, Beavers Code(ACM). I am also an Undergraduate Student Government Representative. I am skilled with frontend development but also have knowledge of C++ and Python. In my spare time, I enjoy watching anime and making edits. One day I hope to be a senior software engineer at a prestigious tech company.

Resume and Cover Letter

Lab Report

Unlocking Dice Patterns: The Average Outcome and Symmetrical Distribution

Tanvir Islam

March 12, 2024

Abstract

This experimental study involved rolling a pair of dice 100 times and recording the resulting sums to analyze the overall distribution. The aim was to determine if the distribution leaned towards a particular number or if it was uniform throughout the study. The result revealed a diverse range of sums from 2 to 12. The most frequent sum observed was 7, occurring 22 times, followed by sums of 9 and 4, each appearing 16 and 10 times, respectively. However, sums of 2, 10, and 12 were the least frequent, each occurring only 1 to 3 times. These findings show that there is a bias towards the sum 7. 

Introduction

In this experiment, I will conduct a sample dice rolling simulation in Replit with a C++ program to determine which sum, ranging from 2 to 12, occurs most frequently when added from the rolls. Logically, each side of the dice has an equal chance of being rolled, meaning that the sums should occur randomly. However, after I calculated the different ways to achieve sums between 2 and 12, I found that 7 has the most combinations.

Each die possesses six faces numbered 1 through 6. When two dice are rolled, there are 36 possible outcomes. The sum of these outcomes can range from 2 (if both dice show a 1) to 12 (if both dice show a 6). The distribution of these sums most likely be 7 as there are more combinations of dice rolls that sum to 7 than any other number. For example, to get a sum of 7, one die must show a 1 and the other a 6, or one die a 2 and the other a 5, or one die a 3 and the other a 4, or one die a 4 and the other a 3, or one die a 5 and the other a 2, or one die a 6 and the other a 1. That’s 6 different combinations which is more than any other possible sum.

Based on this analysis, my hypothesis is that if I roll a pair of dice 100 times, the sums will lean towards the sum 7, and the distribution will be symmetric around 7 as the center value.

Materials:

• Computer(Windows, Mac, Linux)
• Replit
• Pen and Paper

Methods:

1. Open your local browser and go to replit.com
2. Open a file with a C++ program
3. Go to the appendix section of this lab for the code
4. Copy and paste the code into the replit file
5. Run the file and record the result in a notebook

Results

In this lab, I recorded the frequency of each sum obtained from rolling a pair of dice 100 times. The data set revealed that the most frequent sum was 7, occurring 22 times, followed by sums of 9 and 4, each appearing 16 and 10 times, respectively. Sums of 2, 10, and 12 were the least frequent, each occurring only 1 to 3 times. 

Figure 1: This bar graph displays the frequency of each sum acquired out of 100 dice rolls. 

Figure 2: This pie chart shows the percentage of the number of times each sum was acquired out of 100 dice rolls.

Analysis

Upon reviewing the results compared to what I expected, my hypothesis was half correct. I hypothesized that if I roll a pair of dice 100 times, the sums will lean towards the sum 7, and the distribution will be symmetric around 7 as the center value. The data showed that the number 7 came up frequently, just as I thought. According to Figure 1, looking at how often each sum occurred, there was a clear peak around 7, which matched my hypothesis. However, while the majority of the results align with the hypothesis, there were discrepancies. For example, although the sum 7 was the most common sum, it didn’t show up exactly half the time like I thought it might. Also, some other sums, like 6 and 8, weren’t as common as I expected. I thought that it would be a linear decrease on both sides of the sum 7. Maybe there were some factors I didn’t consider like the randomness in my C++ program wasn’t completely random. Overall, my predictions were pretty close to what happened, even though there were some variations.

Comparing my experimental study to “The Probability of Winning Dice Games” by Bonnie H. Litwiller, a doctorate in Mathematics from Indian University, and David R. Duncan, professor at University of Iowa, shares a similar interest in understanding the distribution and probabilities associated with dice rolling. While my study specifically focuses on analyzing the outcomes of rolling a pair of dice 100 times, Litwiller and Duncan’s work likely explores a broader range of dice games and the probabilities of winning. Our study is similar due to the fact that we found 7 as the most common sum where the probability of obtaining a sum of 7 is the highest at 6/36. This conclusion is supported by Figure 2, where you can see that 7 had the highest percentage of 22% which is the highest compared to all the other sums. If you reference Table 1 in the appendix, which is the figure from the study, you can see all the combinations for each sum. Litwiller and Duncan’s study provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing outcomes in dice games. Their research contributes valuable insights for both casual players and serious gamers. Similarly, my experimental study offers evidence to support theoretical expectations regarding dice rolling probabilities. Although my study is more narrowly focused on a specific experiment, the principles explored align with the broader context of probability in gaming clarified by Litwiller and Duncan.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the experiment demonstrated that the sum of 7 appeared most frequently when rolling a pair of dice 100 times. While the distribution didn’t perfectly match the expected symmetry around 7, the overall trends supported the initial hypothesis. 

Understanding the probabilities associated with dice roll outcomes can help with decision-making processes in the real world. For example, if you understand the general trend of how dice roll outcomes work, then you will have advantage when gambling. In addition, dice rolling can be used in the sport industry and finance industry. In sports, you can develop statistical models to assess the likelihood of specific game scenarios or player performances. For instance, in soccer, you may be able to predict the number of goals scored. In finance, you can use probabilities to aid in assessing the potential risks and returns of different investment strategies to make profits. 

 To further explore this topic, future experiments could investigate factors like dice characteristics or rolling techniques. In my experiment, I used an online software to generate the sums. In the future, I could try to see how the data would differ if I were to roll with a physical pair of dice. 

Citation

• LITWILLER, B. H., & DUNCAN, D. R. (1979). THE PROBABILITY OF WINNING DICE GAMES. The Mathematics Teacher, 72(6), 458–461. http://www.jstor.org/stable/27961716

Appendix

Table 1:

Source code for C++ Program: 

#include <iostream>

#include <ctime>

#include <random>

#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

  vector<int> sums;

  srand(time(0));

  for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)

  {

    int dice1 = (rand() % 6) + 1;

    int dice2 = (rand() % 6) + 1;

    int add = dice1 + dice2;

    sums.push_back(add);

  }

  int twos = 0, threes = 0, fours = 0, fives = 0, sixes = 0, sevens = 0, eights = 0, nines = 0, tens = 0, elevens = 0, twelves = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i < sums.size(); i++)

  {

    if (sums.at(i) == 2)

    {

      twos++;

    }  else if (sums.at(i) == 3)

    {

      threes++;

    } else if (sums.at(i) == 4)

    {

      fours++;

    }else if (sums.at(i) == 5)

    {

      fives++;

    }else if (sums.at(i) == 6)

    {

      sixes++;

    } else if (sums.at(i) == 7)

    {

      sevens++;

    } else if (sums.at(i) == 8)

    {

      eights++;

    }else if (sums.at(i) == 9)

    {

      nines++;

    }else if (sums.at(i) == 10)

    {

      tens++;

    }else if (sums.at(i) == 11)

    {

      elevens++;

    } else if (sums.at(i) == 12)

    {

      twelves++;

    }

  }

  for (int i = 0; i < sums.size(); i++)

  {

    cout << sums.at(i) << “, “;

  }

  cout << endl;

  cout << “Twos: ” << twos << endl;

  cout << “Threes: ” << threes << endl;

  cout << “Fours: ” << fours << endl;

  cout << “Fives: ” << fives << endl;

  cout << “Sixes: ” << sixes << endl;

  cout << “Sevens: ” << sevens << endl;

  cout << “Eights: ” << eights << endl;

  cout << “Nines: ” << nines << endl;

  cout << “Tens: ” << tens << endl;

  cout << “Elevens: ” << elevens << endl;

  cout << “Twelves: ” << twelves << endl;

  return 0;

}

Proposal Writing

Revitalizing Wingate Hall: A Comprehensive Student Center Proposal for CCNY

April 1, 2024

The Brown Bacchas:

Johir Hossain 

Al Naheyan

Tanvir Islam

Almasur Antor

Introduction:

As students at City College of New York (CCNY), we’ve noticed a significant gap in our campus facilities that directly impacts student life. Unlike many residential campuses, CCNY lacks a dedicated space where students can unwind, socialize, and engage in activities outside of class. This absence of a student center creates a disconnect among students, hindering opportunities for collaboration, relaxation, and community building. The need for a student center at CCNY becomes evident when considering the commuter nature of our student body. Many of us travel to campus for classes and then leave, missing out on crucial interactions and connections that contribute to a vibrant college experience. Without a centralized hub for student engagement, we lose valuable opportunities to enhance our academic journey, support one another, and foster a sense of belonging within the campus community.

Our primary research, involving surveys with 100 CCNY students (Figure 1), reveals crucial insights into the necessity of a student center, with 70% of students expressing dissatisfaction, rating it a mere 1 or 2 out of 5 as seen in Figure 1. This feedback underscores the urgent need for substantial improvements in our campus gathering spaces. Additionally, over  68% of students indicated their intent to spend 1 to 3 hours daily in a new student center (Figure 2), highlighting a strong desire for a dedicated space that promotes academic focus, meaningful social interactions, and diverse extracurricular activities. These statistics underscore the importance of establishing a revitalized student center at CCNY, which not only addresses current dissatisfaction but also gives us a chance to experience a student center like most colleges. 

Figure 1: shows dissatisfaction with the current student center.

Figure 2: Indicates the intent to spend 1-3 hours daily in the new student center.

When it comes to location, 64% of respondents prefer extending Wingate Hall as the ideal location for our revamped student center (Figure 3). This overwhelming support reflects our vision for a dynamic student center right at the heart of campus, integrating seamlessly with existing facilities. By bringing everything students need under one roof, from relaxation spots to essential resources, we’re creating a vibrant and accessible space that promotes both academic success and enjoyable downtime.

Figure 3: Shows a preference for extending Wingate Hall as the ideal location.

The advantages of having a student center go beyond simply having a lounge and spending quality time there. The presence of a student center demonstrates the importance of campus leisure amenities in terms of student retention and quality of life at institutions. According to a research by Scott A. Forrester, “74% of students report that campus recreation facilities influenced their decisions to continue attending their chosen college/university.” Furthermore, campus recreational activities play an important part in students’ health and fitness, both during and after graduation. Sports, exercise, and recreation help students maintain a healthy lifestyle, which they value both before and after college. These findings illustrate the relevance of strong recreational spaces in improving student happiness and general well-being during the academic and post-graduation years.

Action Plan

The first level of our newly renovated student center reflects the interests of our student body, with 20 private study rooms and 8 designated areas for student government events. These facilities meet the various needs of our student body by offering a peaceful and relaxing setting for focused study sessions in the study rooms, as well as encouraging interaction and leadership development in the student government areas, further fostering students’ voice with student government. 

Each private study space has soundproof walls and a table with chairs for two. While more study rooms in the student center would be helpful, City College’s nearby facilities, particularly the library in each, provide plenty of space for studying. The student center is intended to be a complete hub that addresses all aspects of student life, guaranteeing a well-rounded experience for all. Following student feedback, priority has been placed on establishing a friendly and engaged environment. We’ve created a communal lounge space next to the study rooms to promote peer social connections and community development. 

Figure 4: First Floor

The second floor of our newly designed student center is a place where students can gather, eat, and connect. It features a Food Court with four different vendors, including a NYC deli, café, fast-food option, and a vendor offering various cultural cuisines. This Food Court is a central spot for students to enjoy meals and socialize with friends as it provides 10 tables with 4 chairs each. 

Next to the Food Court are four spacious meeting rooms for student clubs and organizations. These rooms are perfect for club meetings, workshops, and other activities, leading to collaboration and leadership skills among students. Additionally, there’s an Interfaith Room where students of different faiths can pray and meditate together, promoting diversity and inclusivity on campus. Overall, the second floor of our student center provides a welcoming and diverse environment for students to socialize, learn, and grow. 

Figure 5: Second Floor 

The third floor of our newly renovated student center is dedicated to promoting health, fitness, and recreational activities for our students. The centerpiece of this floor is a spacious gym area equipped with modern exercise machines, free weights, and cardio equipment. This gym provides students with a convenient space to work out and stay active, promoting physical well-being and stress relief. 

Additionally, we have added locker room and bathroom facilities to ensure convenience and comfort for students using the gym. This floor offers a comprehensive fitness facility to cater to the diverse needs and interests of our student body, promoting a healthy and active lifestyle. Additionally, this floor includes changing rooms and showers for students to freshen up after their workouts, ensuring convenience and comfort. The third floor of our student center offers a comprehensive fitness and sports facility to cater to the diverse needs and interests of our student body, promoting a healthy and active lifestyle.

Figure 6: Third Floor 

The fourth floor of our newly designed student center will be a place for gaming and entertainment. It features 2 large gaming rooms. Due to high demand on gaming rooms, we will have to implement two to have enough space for everyone. Each room will be  equipped with rows of computers, mouse and keyboard, and headphones. There will also be consoles and nintendo switches for cross-platform use. 

There will also be two more rooms. One will feature multiple pool tables. In our survey we got the response that currently there are not enough pool tables for the students. The pool tables will come with new cues and billiard balls. The other room will be a place for ping pong. Currently, there is only one table and the leg is broken. According to our survey, there was a high demand simply because the ping pong room is never empty. Students constantly have to wait a long time to be able to play one match. The new room will be placed with at least 3 tables to reduce traffic. It will also come with new paddles and ping-pong balls. Students are welcome to bring their own equipment. 

Figure 7: Forth Floor 

Construction Time Table 

Figure 8: Gantt Chart

Costs and Benefits

First Floor: 

Rooms/Space	Number of rooms/Quantity	Cost
Study rooms	20	$50,000
Student government	8	$30,000
Communal lounge space	1	$40,000
Elevator	1	$13,000
Total:		$133,000

Second Floor:

Rooms/Space	Number of rooms/Quantity	Cost
Food court (tables and chairs)	1	$200,000
Club rooms	3	$50,000
Interfaith room	1	$30,000
Elevator	1	$13,000
Total:		$293,000

Third Floor: 

Rooms/Space	Number of rooms/Quantity	Cost
Gym equipment	1	$150,000
Lockers	1	$50,000
Bathrooms and Showers	1	$50,000
Elevator	1	$13,000
Total:		$263,000

Fourth Floor: 

Rooms/Space	Number of rooms/Quantity	Cost
Gaming room	2	$100,000
Pool room	1(6 tables)	$45,000
Ping Pong room	1(3 tables)	$50,000
Elevator	1	$13,000
Materials	N/A	$55,000
Total:		$263,000

Overall, the estimated total cost for the renovation of our newly designed student center is $952,000. These costs include materials, equipment, permits, and project management fees. It’s important to note that these are rough estimates, and actual costs may vary based on factors such as market conditions, design changes, labor, and unforeseen challenges during construction. Something that is not accounted for in this $880,000 is labor costs. This will require the college to find a contractor who will provide a quote and a unique price. In total, we will be needing labor for 24,000 square feet. At a rate of 500 dollars per square foot of labor, the cost of labor will be 1.2 million dollars. In total, it will cost $2,200,000.

Benefits

It is important for students to stay bonded and have a sense of connection in an environment surrounded by thousands of other students. In such a context, having a student center plays a vital role in supporting the connection and bond. As John Miller, a graduate of the University of Southern Mississippi, describes in his research, “sense of belonging is a fundamental human motivation in which individuals possess a strong desire to remain with a group.” To achieve a level of belonging, especially in an academic setting, one must be able to relate to peers outside the classroom. In addition, constructing a student center could reform campus culture, and at City College of New York, the campus culture lacks togetherness and bonds as students drive between classes, and the only places students can feel freedom is the library and the wingate. With a library, you have space for academics but lack the freedom to socialize. The wingate provides students with the opportunity to socialize and play games but lacks the room for studying. 

The state of having a student center builds a space for students to socialize, study, eat, and exercise. To maximize its effectiveness, the Wingate hall will have 4 floors, with first floor having rooms for lounging, studying and student government, second floor containing vendors for different cultural cuisine, rooms for student clubs and prayer, third floor including a giant gym with indoor sports such as volleyball, basketball, etc.; and the fourth floor including gaming rooms and pool/pingpong section for those game enthusiast. Having the student center located at the heart of City College of New York will certainly benefit students in terms of commuting and spending time between classes. 

Our Team: Brown Bacchas

The Brown Bacchas originated from Bangladesh

Almasur Antor is a first-year Computer Science student at CUNY City College of New York. He grew up in New York City and attended Bronx Latin High School, where he excelled academically as Valedictorian and led multiple clubs. Almasur is proficient in Python, HTML, CSS, and C++, with hands-on experience in web development. He is a member of CodePath Web Development, where he leads a project focused on Environmental Justice advocacy. Almasur is also a College Transitional Coach at CollegeBound Initiative, assisting students with college applications and scholarships. In his spare time, he enjoys reading about technology and participating in community service projects. Almasur looks forward to leveraging his skills and experiences to pursue a career in software development and positively impact the tech industry.

Al Naheyan is a first-year Computer Science Student at CCNY. He was born in Bangladesh and grew up in Queens, New York. He attended EPIC High School where he graduated as a Salutatorian. At EPIC, he led the Art Club and was a historian for the Student Council. Here at City College of New York, he is a member of Beaver’s Code Club and a student at CodePath where he heightens his skills for Web development. He is skilled in HTML, CSS, JavaScript, C++, and Figma. Al honed those skills through summer boot camp and internship at Wright’s Resume and Connection. In his spare time, Al loves to learn about technical skills and spend time in nature. In the future, Al hopes to use his skills to land an internship and further his goal of being a Software Engineer. 

Tanvir Islam is a first-year computer science student at The City College of New York. He grew up in Bangladesh but came to the United States in 2015. He attended High School for Construction Trades, Engineering and Architecture(CTEA) where he was the captain of the varsity cricket team and led the team to playoffs for the first time in 6 years. He won two student-athlete awards while at CTEA. He is also currently the captain of a soccer club where he leads a group of 20+ players. His experience as captain of varsity cricket and soccer club taught him leadership and responsibility. Organization and collaboration are among his other qualities. At City College, he is a member of the computer science club, Beavers Code(ACM). He is also an Undergraduate Student Government Representative. He is skilled with frontend development but also has knowledge of C++ and Python. In his spare time, he enjoys watching anime and making edits. One day Tanvir hopes to be a senior software engineer at a prestigious tech company. 

Johir Hossain is a first-year computer science student at the City College of New York. He was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. He attended The Browning School, where he found a passion in technology and helped the robotics team win 2 NYC region championships. During high school, he spent his summers pursuing his interests in finance and technology by attending internships at JP Morgan Chase. Overall, his experience in professional and competitive settings has helped him develop leadership and team-building qualities. He has a wide range of technical knowledge within the realm of computer science primarily in data visualization. In his spare time, he enjoys working out, biking, and exploring restaurants in NYC. Johir strives to enter the world of Quantitative finance and research after receiving his degree in computer science.

Conclusion

Our proposal to transform Wingate Hall into a comprehensive student center is an ambitious project designed to improve the entire student experience at CCNY. We created an ideal layout for a multipurpose student center that meets a wide range of student demands after extensive talks with students and careful consideration. This student center is not just about addressing current gaps in campus facilities but also promoting a sense of unity, belonging, and community among our student body. Looking ahead, the successful implementation of this transformative project holds immense potential to bring about substantial improvements in campus life at CCNY. By providing students with a well-designed and fully-equipped space for studying, collaborating, and socializing, we anticipate a noticeable enhancement in student engagement, academic performance, and overall well-being. We are enthusiastic about the positive impact this initiative will have on cultivating a vibrant and cohesive campus environment that supports the complete development of every student at CCNY.

References

• Miller JJ, Croft JC. The Influence of University Recreation Centers on Student Return and Retention during COVID-19. Recreational Sports Journal. 2022 Apr 27:15588661221097701. doi: 10.1177/15588661221097701. PMCID: PMC9047664.
• Forrester, S. A. (n.d.). The Benefits of Campus Recreation. https://www.mus.edu/board/meetings/2017/May2017/AdminBudget/175-2012-R0517_A5.pdf 

Technical Description

Revolutionizing Healthcare: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Tanvir Islam

May 7, 2024

Introduction

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as learning from data, reasoning, and decision-making. Through machine learning (ML), computers can learn patterns and insights from data without being explicitly programmed. 

AI has become a game-changer in many fields, including healthcare. By using smart algorithms and data analysis, AI helps doctors improve patient care, diagnose illnesses better, and make hospital routines smoother. Having an AI in hospitals will be like having a smart assistant that can calculate numbers and spot trends in patient data which will help doctors make better decisions and give more personalized care.

According to Soha Rawas, PhD in Computer Science, “AI’s ability to process and interpret complex medical pictures, such as MRI and CT scans, has shown outstanding accuracy in detecting anomalies and assisting radiologists in spotting probable problems that the human eye may ignore.” AI algorithms can analyze X-rays and MRIs to detect signs of disease, saving time for doctors and ensuring accurate diagnoses. They can also analyze large amounts of patient data to predict who might be at risk of developing certain conditions, allowing for early intervention and prevention strategies.

Benefits of AI in Healthcare

Artificial Intelligence is transforming the healthcare industry, demonstrably improving patient care and operational efficiency. According to IBM Education, “AI provides opportunities to help reduce human error, assist medical professionals and staff, and provide patient services 24/7.”  Healthcare companies are utilizing AI to improve a range of procedures, including both administrative work and direct patient care. For example, AI-powered virtual nursing assistants can help answer patient questions, forward reports, and schedule appointments, taking routine tasks off the hands of clinical staff and allowing them to focus more on direct patient care. Put simply, AI excels at computations and forecasting future outcomes based on past data. Study shows that “…64% of patients are comfortable with the use of AI for around-the-clock access to answers that support nurses provide.” We can use that to our advantage as we can automate such tasks, allowing AI to manage them while nurses utilize their time for other responsibilities.  

Moreover, AI has the potential to significantly improve the healthcare user experience by enabling more effective communication between patients and providers, which is crucial as a recent study found that “83% of patients report poor communication as the worst part of their experience.” 

In the field of medical diagnosis, AI’s strength comes from its ability to think like humans, but with the added benefit of super-fast computers. By studying lots of medical information, AI algorithms become really good at finding unusual things in images, noticing patterns in patient information, and connecting symptoms to possible conditions. Sometimes, AI can even do this better than humans. This makes AI a valuable tool for helping healthcare workers, providing an extra set of eyes and unbiased analysis during diagnoses. However, it’s important to remember that AI doesn’t replace the expertise, compassion, and ethical judgment of doctors and nurses; it simply adds another helpful layer to the process.

Challenges of AI in Healthcare

Incorporating artificial intelligence into healthcare brings many difficulties that need solving for it to work well. One big issue is about keeping patient information private and safe. It’s crucial to follow good data practices, as Jiang says, “Data ethics is the foundation of AI.” This means making sure patient data is used properly and people know how it’s being used. Another problem is that AI systems might not be fair because they could learn from biased data. As the authors mention, “Unfairness caused by bias in data sources is the most common ethical issue.” This shows the need to fix biases in the data and how AI learns from it to make sure everyone gets equal treatment. Understanding how AI makes decisions can also be tricky for doctors. They need to trust and understand why AI suggests certain treatments. In addition, there’s a lot of confusion around rules and regulations for using AI in healthcare. We need to work together to create clear rules, make sure AI is fair, and keep patients safe.

Case Study

The study conducted by Ishmam Fardin and M. Umit Uyar from The City College of New York explores the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to predict the progression of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) by analyzing gene expression data and Mini Mental Exam Scores (MMSE) from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). By leveraging gene expression data and MMSE from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the team aimed to predict the trajectory of cognitive decline in AD patients. Through lots of training and optimization of the ANN model, they achieved remarkable accuracy in forecasting disease progression, with an average percent error of 18.80%. This is one of many cases that exemplifies the transformative power of machine learning in revolutionizing diagnosis and treatment strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease. 

Future of AI in Healthcare

In the future, AI will make healthcare better in many ways. It will help doctors use lots of data to diagnose illnesses more accurately, create treatment plans that fit each person’s needs, and predict how someone’s health might change over time. AI can also help with paperwork, so doctors can spend more time helping patients. With AI, people in faraway places might be able to get medical help through their phones or computers. Also, AI could help scientists find new medicines faster. In addition, with the rapid growth of AI/ML, we will be able to better protect the privacy of patients and use unbiased data. 

Conclusion

In summary, artificial intelligence in healthcare offers exciting opportunities to improve how we care for patients. By using smart computer systems, doctors can work more efficiently and accurately, leading to better outcomes for everyone. However, there are challenges too, like keeping patient information safe and making sure AI is fair for everyone. Despite these challenges, studies like the one by Ishmam Fardin and M. Umit Uyar show how AI can help predict diseases like Alzheimer’s and guide treatment plans. Looking ahead, AI has the potential to make healthcare even better by helping doctors diagnose illnesses more accurately, simplifying paperwork, and even finding new medicines faster. But, it’s essential to address concerns about privacy, fairness, and regulation as AI continues to grow in healthcare. Overall, AI has the power to transform healthcare for the better, offering more personalized and efficient care to people around the world.

Citations:

• Education, I. (2023, October 3). The benefits of AI in Healthcare. IBM Blog. https://www.ibm.com/blog/the-benefits-of-ai-in-healthcare/ 
• Fardin, I., & Uyar, M. U. (2023). Using Artificial Neural Networks to Predict the Progress of Alzheimer Disease and Training with Gene Expressions and MMSE Scores. New York, New York: CUNY.
  https://www.linkedin.com/in/ishmam-fardin/overlay/1635545886337/single-media-viewer/?profileId=ACoAAD5__JYBrNxpLoncXXnalVzKpFZ-N0ZX_2Q
• Jiang, L., Wu, Z., Xu, X., Zhan, Y., Jin, X., Wang, L., & Qiu, Y. (2021, March). Opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence in the medical field: Current application, emerging problems, and problem-solving strategies. The Journal of international medical research.
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8165857/ 
• Rawas, S. (2024). AI: the future of humanity. Discover Artificial Intelligence, 4(1), NA. http://dx.doi.org.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/10.1007/s44163-024-00118-3
• What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)?. IBM. (2024, March 19). https://www.ibm.com/topics/artificial-intelligence 

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